FATORES DE RISCO ASSOCIADOS À INFECÇÃO DO TRATO URINÁRIO NOSOCOMIAL POR BETALACTAMASES DE ESPECTRO ESTENDIDO

Resumo

Introduction: The incidence of strains producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases has been increased steadily. Determination of risk factors for urinary tract infections caused by these microorganisms may be important to choose which the ideal empirical antibiotic therapy, avoiding possible treatment errors and consequently enhancing the prognosis of these patients. Objective: Determinate the risk factors associated with the presence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing bacteria in urine culture of hospitalized patients at a university hospital. Material and Methods: A prospective study from July 2012 to January 2013. Patients with urinary tract infection and identified bacteria were included. A questionnaire was applied based on epidemiological data and risk factors previously described on literature. Dichotomous data were compared using chi-square test. The significance level was considered different if P <0.05. For values less than 5, the test used was Fischer. Results: 46 patients were selected, 20 cases demonstrated urinary tract infection with ESBL-producing bacteria and 26 were infected by others bacteria. The risk factor associated with urinary tract infection by ESBL in hospitalized patients was previous hospitalization in the last year (P<0.05). Conclusion: This prospective study concluded that previous hospitalization is a risk factor for infection by ESBL-producing bacteria. This variable should be assessed at time of patient hospitalization for urinary tract infection and guide the choice of antibiotic therapy.